This research addresses critical portability, affordability, and scalability challenges in neuroimaging by advancing low-cost modalities such as EEG and fNIRS. Specifically, to enhance EEG spatial resolution by integrating fNIRS data, improve fNIRS spatial resolution by leveraging EEG signals alongside established functional MRI-based atlases, and refine EEG-fNIRS source localization techniques. These integrated improvements are anticipated to significantly broaden the applicability and accessibility of neuroimaging technologies