Research Projects

In the last three decades we have observed an enormous progress in preparation, manipulation and detection of quantum systems with extreme precision. Many attribute these progresses in controlling macroscopic quantum systems via ultracold gases as second quantum revolution. Here, we must acknowledge that the early days of quantum mechanics were the first quantum revolution as the quantum mechanical theories at that time had described the microscopic world with astonishing accuracy. These developments have paved the way for quantum technology to become one of the most relevant technologies of the future. Within the realm of quantum technology, technologies associated with ultracold atoms are one of the most significant due to a wide range of applicability in atomtronics, quantum simulation, quantum information, quantum metrology, biomagnetic imaging, mineral exploration, and archaeology. Off late, we came across a couple of fascinating experimental observations, namely quantum droplet (QD) and supersolid (SS). Quantum droplets and small clusters of atoms self bound by a competition between attractive and repulsive interactions. Supesolid phase is more intriguing where we observe crystal like ordering in a superfluid. QDs are observed in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) as well as in binary BEC. On the contrary, SS phase is only observed in dipolar BEC and spin-orbit coupled (SOC) BEC. These droplets are formed by the interplay of attractive and repulsive forces. The origin of the attractive force can be modeled in the purview of standard mean-field theory whereas the repulsive force originates from the beyond mean-field correction derived by Lee, Huang, and Yang (LHY). Hence, it is popularly known as LHY correction. The LHY contribution plays an important role in binary BEC when the intra and inter species mean-field coupling almost nullifies each other. Similarly, in dipolar BEC, when the dipole-dipole interaction is highly competitive with the regular two body interaction then, the beyond mean-field contribution helps the system to stabilise and we observe pattern formation like SS or clustering of atoms to form droplets. The interest in these exotic new phases are not only academic in nature but have deep implication in unearthing unanswered questions in many body physics. These exciting developments have influenced us to consider a detailed study of the dipolar condensate with LHY correction.