Research Projects

As per the livestock census 2019, the pig population of India was around 7.16 million with the majority of the population in North Eastern states. Compared to other livestock species, pigs have great potential to contribute faster economic returns to the marginal farmers, because of certain inherent traits like high fecundity, better-feed conversion efficiency, early maturity and short generation interval. Pig farming also requires a small investment in buildings and equipment. It has immense potential to ensure nutritional and economic security for the weaker sections of the society. The major constraint in piggery production is the mortality of piglets mainly attributed to digestive disturbance and diarrhea. Viral agents such as Rotavirus, Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus, and transmissible gastroenteritis virus are considered major causes of diarrhoea in piglets. However, various other viruses have also been detected in the faeces of pigs, which require further study. With the advancement of molecular biological techniques like next-generation sequencing, such newer viruses have been detected and characterized from the faeces of piglets; however, thus far, their involvement in piglet diarrhoea is not well defined.Recently, several studies conducted in India have reported the detection of various neglected viruses, including Picobirna, Enterovirus, Teschovirus, Astrovirus, Sapelovirus, and Kobuvirus. Additionally, research from LUVAS in Hisar has identified the presence of Astrovirus, Senecavirus, Sapelovirus, Kobuvirus, and Rotavirus from swine using various molecular biological techniques. To control neglected and emerging viral pathogens, it is necessary to characterize them in detail at the genomic level. The application of advanced technologies such as next-generation sequencing and metatranscriptomic analysis is required. Currently, there is a scarcity of studies focused on these neglected pathogens in India, highlighting the need for comprehensive genetic research to understand their molecular epidemiology. The present study aims to identify neglected enteric swine viruses from samples of both diarrheic and apparently healthy pigs using molecular diagnostic methods. Additionally, the study will focus on developing molecular diagnostic tests for their detection. At the end of the study period, we aim to identify the occurrence of potential enteric viruses associated with swine diarrhea, along with their genomic characteristics. We will also determine potential targets and markers for the development of new diagnostic tests and vaccine candidates. This research will contribute to the creation of diagnostic tests for significant pathogens. Additionally, the study will help us devise strategies to manage piglet diarrhea, thereby reducing mortality rates among piglets. Ultimately, this will enhance the profitability of swine production and support pig farmers, particularly those from socially and economically challenged backgrounds.