Research Projects

RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH: High-resolution sensing radars and communication systems encompassing terrestrial to space borne applications demand low-profile light-weight antennas with advanced feature of high polarization purity (target of Co-to-Cross polar isolation over 30-40 dB over the full azimuth, although present technology can reach up to 15dB). It is a huge challenge to the antenna engineers. The present proposer (Guha) has been addressing this issue since 2005 (through his introductory paper in IEEE AWPL [DOI 10.1109/LAWP.2005.860211] and has been enlightening the community with a new insight, knowledge, and techniques over the last two decades (details in CV). Apart from engineering innovations, he parallelly pursued research to unveil the physics behind such unwanted radiations [IEEE AP Mag DOI 10.1109/MAP.2022.3143434]. Very recently, he has established a new possibility of further improvements by complex structural engineering employing machine learning assisted optimization [IEEE AWPL 2025 DOI 10.1109/LAWP.2025.3544114] [IEEE OJAP 2024 DOI 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3385675.] Based on this background, this project envisages advanced scientific as well as engineering innovations towards attaining the goal. OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESIS: The major objective is to address the most challenging task of developing low-profile antenna systems with extraordinarily high polarization purity (improvement at least by 15 dB compared to the state-of-the-art report) to facilitate advancement for high resolution radars and communication systems. The objective encompasses theoretical analysis of the radiating fields with a new hypothesis that targets unconventional basis functions and their variations inside the magnetic-walled radiating cavities! Proposer’s recent research has unveiled such thriving possibilities. It finally targets near optimum designs using both microstrip and dielectric elements by innovating multi-parametric structural perturbations and their optimization by machine learning assisted algorithm (based on proposer’s expertise since 2005). EXPERIMENTS: It targets 3 prototype categories (i) stand-alone; (ii) medium arrays and sub-arrays; (iii) resonance gain structure for C- to Ka- bands (3.7 GHz to 31 GHz). The experiments would cover measurements of (i) scattering matrix S11 for characterization input impedance; (ii) antenna gain, radiation patterns, and efficiencies. An anechoic chamber with at least 80 dB dynamic range will be used to obtain data at 3 planes (E,H, Diagonal) and 2 distinct polarizations. SIGNIFICANCE & APPLICATIONS: The successful execution would provide the RF community with (i) advanced scientific knowledge and technical knowhow to meet the goal; (ii) opportunity of developing targeted antennas for satellite onboard and ground-based systems (keeping the upcoming missions in view) through constant collaboration with URSC-ISRO, Bangalore and SAC-ISRO, Ahmedabad groups (based on a long history of mutual collaboration).