Research Projects

Robust biodiversity monitoring is crucial for effective ecological impact assessments (EIAs) and conservation, especially given rapid environmental changes. Traditional surveys, relying on visual encounters and indirect signs, are often inadequate for elusive or nocturnal species. Bioacoustics offers a powerful alternative, enabling non-invasive monitoring and providing insights into species presence, behaviour, and communities. Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), using autonomous recording units (ARUs), facilitates continuous data collection, addressing limitations of traditional surveys. However, manual PAM data analysis is time-consuming and requires expertise, hindering wider application. This project will develop and implement a framework for automated PAM analysis in India, focusing on indicator species and contributing to more efficient ecological assessments. Our central hypothesis is that automated PAM analysis will significantly enhance species detection rates and EIA efficiency compared to traditional methods, especially for elusive species. The project will involve: (1) A stakeholder engagement roundtable to identify priority species, habitats, and management needs. (2) Field data collection using ARUs deployed in urban green spaces, restored mining sites, and control forests. (3) Development and validation of automated detection models using machine learning, comparing existing software (e.g., BirdNET, Kaleidoscope Pro, PAMGuard) and optimizing for the Indian context. (4) Analysis of acoustic indices and species vocalization patterns to assess biodiversity and habitat quality, interpreting results within the context of stakeholder priorities. (5) Development and dissemination of a user-friendly, open-source analytical framework through publications, a manual, workshops, and a conference presentation. International collaboration (e.g., with Dr Dan Stowell's lab or the K. Lisa Yang Center) will enhance analytical capabilities and provide training opportunities. Successful completion will significantly advance bioacoustics in India, empowering researchers and practitioners to utilize PAM for EIAs, biodiversity monitoring, and conservation. By integrating stakeholder input and tailoring solutions to the Indian context, this research will improve environmental decision-making and promote sustainable development. The project anticipates supporting at least two PhD theses and offering internships, fostering future bioacoustics researchers.