Research Projects

Numerous renewable energy sources are employed to reduce carbon emissions to produce energy in autonomous micro-grid systems (AMGS). The proposed AMGS incorporates solar photovoltaic (SPV) and wind turbine generator (WTG), which makes an eco-friendly micro-grid (MG) system, i.e., a step towards an emission-free future. Due to the utilization of smart elements, and information and communication technologies (ICTs), the power grid progresses into the smart grid, and the efficacy, reliability, and sustainability of the whole MG system have been enhanced correspondingly. However, the increasing use of sensors, control, and switching devices gives a chance to attackers to launch malicious attacks on the MG system. To obtain clean, efficient, sustainable, resilient, safe, and secure energy systems, the future MG must work in two-way such as cyber-secure communication schemes and computational intelligence in generation, transmission, and distribution systems. The dynamic performance of the MG is degraded by various cyber-attacks such as time delay attacks (TDA), denial of service (DoS), false data injection (FDI) attacks, and man-in-the-middle attack. The purpose of LFC is to maintain proper power flow between generation and demand without any time delay. Hence, to enhance the performance of AMGS the mitigation of cyber-attacks is needed. Prior to implementing mitigation, an online adaptive recursive least square filter with a forgetting factor (ARLS-FF) is proposed for detection of attacks in this project. This proposal addresses a design of a robust control strategy utilizing an internal model control (IMC)-based proportional-integral derivative with filter ‘PI-(1+DF)’ as secondary controller to mitigate the impact of TDAs on AMGS. The design methodology incorporates Kharitonov's stability theorem to categorize the worst-case plant, for which the proposed controller parameters are obtained using the IMC framework. An intelligent fuzzy logic assisted ratio control based virtual inertia as additional controller is proposed for handling the DoS attack on AMGS. The efficacy and effectiveness of proposed controls design are assessed via considering the various practical scenarios such as cyber-attacks, and electric vehicle (EV) and domestic load as power demand in the AMGS. Moreover, stability under time-varying attacks is rigorously analyzed through the Lyapunov-Krasovskii function (LKF) with vivid robustness assessment ensuring resilience to parametric uncertainties. Finally, benchmarking on the IEEE-39 bus system validates the proposed detection and mitigation schemes superiority on large scale and realistic interconnected PS. Finally, a prototype of energy-efficient AMSG is developed under IEEE 2030.8-2018 standards with proper power flow management features among generation, demand, and storage units and test its suitability for electric vehicle charging infrastructure and rural electrification.