Research Projects

Manipulating the magnetization state of a nanomagnet is the key goal in spintronics, given its potential for nonvolatile Magnetic Random-Access Memory (MRAM) applications. Traditionally, this manipulation relies on injecting spin currents from a heavy metal utilizing its spin-orbit coupling (SOC). However, the strength of the spin current and associated spin torque is fundamentally limited by the SOC, which restricts the choice of materials for robust applications. This proposal aims to address this limitation by exploring orbital currents, which are theoretically predicted to be significantly stronger than spin currents across a variety of materials. The objectives are to investigate fundamental questions in orbitronics, such as how to generate robust orbital currents in transition metals, including nonmagnetic materials (NMs) and ferromagnets (FMs), that could potentially exceed the efficiency of spin currents. Additionally, we aim to explore the fundamental properties that enable orbital currents to be distinguished from spin currents. We will pursue these goals by characterizing “orbital Hall torques” and “orbital pumping effects” using novel scientific methodologies within NM/FM bilayers. To achieve this, we propose to establish a Projection-Field Probe-Station Equipment (PFPSE) that will allow comprehensive magnetoelectronic measurements at both AC and DC frequencies, including the characterization of spin-orbit torques with a magnetic field applied in any arbitrary direction. Unlike traditional electromagnets, which only provide unidirectional fields, PFPSE will facilitate complex measurements at room temperature with a vector magnetic field, crucial for probing and controlling magnetization switching. Setting up the versatile PFPSE tool will not only enhance experimental capabilities for studying spin and orbital torque phenomena but also enable the testing of prototype devices for commercial applications. By establishing this facility, we aim to contribute a valuable resource for a wide research community engaged in advancing spintronics and orbitronics.