Research Projects

Paint sludge (Ps) is a hazardous waste produced by industries like automobiles and paint and coating manufacturing. The Indian paint industry, valued at Rs 70000 crore, contributes significantly to the country's economy and employs a large number of people. However, Ps has significant pollution potential due to the presence of toxic chemicals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including potential carcinogens. The hazardous characteristics of Ps have been classified under waste code 080113* by the European Union. The presence of heavy metals and VOCs, mainly BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), necessitates proper disposal. Despite attempts to recycle the waste, these processes are time-consuming and costly, leading to incineration or landfilling. There is an urgent need for a feasible and environmentally friendly technology for remediating paint sludge. Vermicomposting, a bioremediation technique, has been found to be an efficient method for converting Ps into a value-added fertilizer. Earthworms accumulate PTMs in their gut, and enzymes play a role in coping with heavy metal stress. However, the mechanism of metal removal and oxidative stress management in earthworms is not fully understood.