Research Projects

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) has been increasing in recent years, accounting for 6% of all female genital cancers, followed by vaginal carcinoma. Almost 90% of cases are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), consisting of HPV-A and HPV-I subtypes. Approximately one-third of vulvar SCC patients suffer from recurrence, with limited therapeutic options. Research on VSCC in the West has focused on molecular profiles and immune microenvironment, but the literature on VSCC is limited, especially in India due to its lower incidence. This study aims to study the prevalence of HPV-Associated and HPV Independent VSCC subtypes in the Indian cohort and the p53 immunostain patterns in these tumors. It also aims to identify the genomic underpinnings of various HPV-associated and HPV-I VSCC tumors and the role of PDL1 in VSCC tumor immunity. The study will use p16 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and HPV high risk RNA ISH to review and subtype 100 VSCC cases. The genetic abnormalities associated with each group will be identified through whole exome sequencing via NGS. The project aims to provide unique insights into the relatively untouched molecular profiles of VSCC in India, aiding in the development of effective diagnostic algorithms and therapies, ultimately improving prognosis.