Research Projects

Traditional blockchain systems face issues like high latency, low transaction rate, high energy use, and poor scalability, making them difficult to use and adopt. To address these issues, some systems restructure upper-layer components by organizing transactions and blocks in the form of a directed acyclic graph (DAG). DAG-enabled blockchain systems can enable fast confirmation, high transaction rate, high energy consumption, and high scalability without significantly compromising data security. However, more systematic work is needed to summarize the theoretical and quantitative research on DAG methodologies. This Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) aims to provide a thorough theoretical and quantitative study of the current and continuing DAG-enabled blockchain architecture. DAG-based blockchains offer a more flexible architecture, enabling a more scalable, efficient, and safe system. The study focuses on the structural shift in blockchain systems, examines state-of-the-art DAG-based blockchain systems, presents debates and comparisons of current scaling approaches, and reviews unresolved difficulties in present DAG systems. The proposed framework helps clear the mist surrounding the modified DAG technique applied in blockchain systems and provides a comprehensive, systematic overview.